| Delta Velorum | The brightest eclipsing binary with changes detectable with the naked eye. | |
| Range: V= 1.95 - 2.46 (II= 2.27) | B-V= 0.04 | Spectral type: A0V+A3:V: |
| Elements: Min I = HJD 2452798.557 + 45.1501 x E Elements updated after Jan. 30-31, 2006 min II | ||
| Min II= HJD 2452818.200 + 45.1501 x E | ||

| Delta Vel possible ightcurve shapes (mean from several sources). It needs photometric confirmation | |
| Posibles formas de las curvas de luz de los eclipses de delta Vel. Se necesita confirmación fotométrica | |
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| Corrected parameters for delta Velorum | Version en ESPAÑOL |
In 2000 we published (with Paul Fieseler and Chris Lloyd) the discovery of
delta Velorum as an eclipsing binary.
The main goal was to alert astronomers to study the new variable.
One of the papers used to inform on the multiple status of the star was that
from Tango et al. (1979) .They claimed the discovery of a subarcsecond
companion (0.6") and "guessed" that the known B companion had
been left
outside of the camera's field so it didn't interfere with the measures. (!)
On the other hand, Hipparcos data give a similar separation (0.7") but the
magnitude was the same as the known component (5.5).
The most intriguing thing was the abscence of the B component on Hipparcos'
data. If the satellite did observe the closer "a" star, it was too
strange
that it didn't record the other more distant one....
It turns out that the "a" star was actually B in another position of
its 142
year apparent orbit around the primary (which now can be safely called
"Aa")
Argyle et al. (2002) came to the rescue with an excellent paper last year.
I only discovered it now that I found delta Vel's eclipses are total (well,
one is total the other is a transit)
Being aware of this confussion, one should rest one star worth of mass and
brightness to obtain the real picture of the system.
We get:
Aa: V= 1.99, A0V+A5V
B: V= 5.45, G0V
(Spectra according to Argyle et al., 2002)
V mag. out of eclipse:
AaB= 1.95
Aa = 1.99
A = 2.33
a = 3.43
B = 5.45
During primary eclipse:
AaB= 2.46
Aa = 2.53
A = 3.16 (partially eclipsed)
a = 3.43 (transiting)
B = 5.45
During secondary eclipse:
AaB= 2.27
Aa = 2.33
A = 2.33 (total eclipse)
a = invisible
B = 5.45
Now a better picture could be made with the brightness differences between A
and B during the transit and knowing that the eclipses' durations are very
different:
Primary (Phase 0.000) = 0.51 days (+/-0.05,
only visual coverage and a
rough estimation from Galileo's 2000 data)
Secondary (Phase 0.435) = 0.91 days (+/-0.01, almost complete
coverage by
Galileo in 1989)
Accurate photometry is needed to know the exact duration of the totality
phases (that seem to last a couple of hours)
This is an eccentric orbit, so the secondary eclipse appears at phase 0.435
and the primary eclipse is shorter because it happens near periastron when
the stars are moving faster in their orbits.
Delta Vel is near (80 ly) and this gives us a good idea of its true distance
(great parallax) and it will put constraints to its parameters. A deep study
of this eclipsing star would be very worth doing.
We now know the apparent magnitudes of each of the stars with little
uncertainty (the companion star problem has disappeared) and this allows us
to know its absolute visual magnitude, since we know its distance.
A: mV= 2.33, MV= 0.39
a: mV= 3.43, MV= 1.49
B: mV= 5.45, MV= 3.51
We can obtain these additional (only approximate) parameters:
Spec= A0V, Lo = 60 , Mo= 3.9,
Ro= 2.5
Spec= A3V, Lo = 20.8, Mo= 2.7, Ro= 2.0
Spec= F9V:, Lo = 3.3 , Mo= 1.4, Ro=
1.1
Argyle et al. values for Mo are lower (A= 2.7, a= 2.0, B= 1.0) and are based
on the orbital parameters. They are probably better (I was based on the M/L
relationship only)
I hope other Southern astronomers follow Argyle's steps and observe
intensively this star, both photometrically and spectroscopically.
The system that turned out to be quintuple not sextuple.
Sebastián Otero,
Grupo
Wezen 1 88 - Asociación CIELO SUR - Sur Astronómico
June 2003
References:
Argyle, R.W., Alzner, A., Horch, E.P., Orbits for five southern visual
binaries, 2002, A&A 384, 171
Otero, S.A., Fieseler, P.D., Lloyd, C., 2001, IBVS Nº 4999
Tango, W.J., Davis, J., Thompson, R.J., Hanbury, R., A
"Narrabri" Binary
Star Resolved by Speckle Interferometry", 1979, Proc. ASA 3, 323
Sebastián Otero,
Grupo
Wezen 1 88 - Asociación CIELO SUR - Sur Astronómico
Junio 2003
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